How a control system generally works to impart motion?

I am wondering how a control sytem can actually convert energy to a motor? I was searching how automatic doors work and end up wondering about this control system. I am not sure what this control system actually can do. How is this controlling an operation to another system? What does this control system consist of?



Please someone let me know the general mechanism of control systems to impart motion!!!



Thank you very much.How a control system generally works to impart motion?automatic doors are simple control devices, either a pressure sensitive pad or motion detector activates a system, could be an electric motor or a hydraulic or pnematic actuator which opens the door. The door opens all the way which triggers another switch which allows the door to close again.

Motion control systems are more sophisticated and require some instrument for converting a measure of location into an anolog or digital signal. Optical encoders are one means of acheiving this. The encoder consists of a wheel with many small slots around the outside. A light sensor on one side and a light source on the other generate an electrical pulse every time a slot allows light to hit the sensor. With the wheel mechanically connected to a rotating shaft, you can count the number of pulses every time the wheel rotates one full turn, translate that rotation into the linear movement of a gear driven slide (for example) and you now know how many pulses equal one cm (or inch). As long as there is only a small amount of backlash in the system, you can position the slide anywhere you want to by counting the pulses. If you have 3 slides (X,Y,Z) you can position something in three dimensions. If the thing you are positioning has a rotating mechanism, you can put an encoder on that as well and have 4 axis control. If the thing on the XYZ slides has 3 rotary systems (one rotating around each of the XYZ axes) then you have 6 axis control.

Google linear transducers and optical encoders and motion control systems. good luck